- د.احمد الشورى 2026
- د.احمد الشورى 2026
- د. محمد جاب الله ( زميلنا )
- د. محمد فتحي
- ملخص 2026MZ
1. Microbial Food Poisoning (Bacterial)
🟦 Definition: Acute gastroenteritis after ingesting contaminated food, affecting one or more persons sharing the same food.
🟥 Types (Appearance Time):
Toxogenic: Symptoms appear in < 5 hours.
Entero-Invasive: Symptoms appear in 12-18 hours.
🟦 Foods to Note: Ham, sausage, dried meat, milk products, eggs. Streptococci spores/toxins are heat stable.
🟥 Clinical Picture: Vomiting (early/profuse in toxogenic), Diarrhea (profuse, watery). Constitutional symptoms (Fever/Chills) are more common in invasive types.
2. Botulism
🟦 Cause: Acute food poisoning from toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum.
🟥 Toxin: The most potent toxin known. Toxin is destroyed by heating at 100^{\circ}\text{C} for 15 minutes or by autoclave.
🟦 Mechanism (Key): Toxin binds irreversibly to neuromuscular junction \rightarrow prevents Acetylcholine release \rightarrow paralysis. Toxin does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
🟥 Clinical Picture (Food-Borne): Appears 12-36 hours post-ingestion. Descending symmetrical muscle weakness/paralysis. Mentality is unaffected. Death from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest without coma.
Early/Cranial Nerves: Diplopia, blurred vision, ptosis, fixed pupils, dysphagia (swallowing), dry mouth/eyes, slurred speech.
🟦 Specific Treatment: Antibotulism antitoxin (Heptavalent-equine). Human Botulism Immunoglobulin for infant botulism. Avoid Mg containing cathartics.
Favism (Genetic)
🟥 Cause: Ingestion of fava beans/inhalation of pollen in patients with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency \rightarrow haemolysis.
🟦 Symptoms: Jaundice, fever, dark urine (hemoglobinuria), pallor. Appear 1-2 days after ingestion.
🟥 Treatment: Blood transfusion, Corticosteroids, and Alkalinization of urine (with Sodium Bicarbonate) to protect kidneys.
1. Microbial Food Poisoning (Bacterial)
🟦 Definition: Acute gastroenteritis after ingesting contaminated food, affecting one or more persons sharing the same food.
🟥 Types (Appearance Time):
Toxogenic: Symptoms appear in < 5 hours.
Entero-Invasive: Symptoms appear in 12-18 hours.
🟦 Foods to Note: Ham, sausage, dried meat, milk products, eggs. Streptococci spores/toxins are heat stable.
🟥 Clinical Picture: Vomiting (early/profuse in toxogenic), Diarrhea (profuse, watery). Constitutional symptoms (Fever/Chills) are more common in invasive types.
2. Botulism
🟦 Cause: Acute food poisoning from toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum.
🟥 Toxin: The most potent toxin known. Toxin is destroyed by heating at 100^{\circ}\text{C} for 15 minutes or by autoclave.
🟦 Mechanism (Key): Toxin binds irreversibly to neuromuscular junction \rightarrow prevents Acetylcholine release \rightarrow paralysis. Toxin does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
🟥 Clinical Picture (Food-Borne): Appears 12-36 hours post-ingestion. Descending symmetrical muscle weakness/paralysis. Mentality is unaffected. Death from respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest without coma.
Early/Cranial Nerves: Diplopia, blurred vision, ptosis, fixed pupils, dysphagia (swallowing), dry mouth/eyes, slurred speech.
🟦 Specific Treatment: Antibotulism antitoxin (Heptavalent-equine). Human Botulism Immunoglobulin for infant botulism. Avoid Mg containing cathartics.
Favism (Genetic)
🟥 Cause: Ingestion of fava beans/inhalation of pollen in patients with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency \rightarrow haemolysis.
🟦 Symptoms: Jaundice, fever, dark urine (hemoglobinuria), pallor. Appear 1-2 days after ingestion.
🟥 Treatment: Blood transfusion, Corticosteroids, and Alkalinization of urine (with Sodium Bicarbonate) to protect kidneys.